{"id":726,"date":"2020-12-16T22:35:20","date_gmt":"2020-12-16T22:35:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lka.lv\/?p=726"},"modified":"2020-12-20T12:06:12","modified_gmt":"2020-12-20T12:06:12","slug":"apkures-katli-atmos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lka.lv\/index.php\/2020\/12\/16\/apkures-katli-atmos\/","title":{"rendered":"Apkures katli Atmos"},"content":{"rendered":"

Apkures katli Atmos darbojas p\u0113c degvielas gazifik\u0101cijas principa un tiem ir vair\u0101kas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas. Atmos \u0161obr\u012bd ir viens no liel\u0101kajiem ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 katlu ra\u017eot\u0101jiem Eirop\u0101.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010cehijas \u0123imenes uz\u0146\u0113mums Atmos tika dibin\u0101ts 1936. gad\u0101 un s\u0101kotn\u0113ji ra\u017eoja gazific\u0113tas sp\u0113kstacijas automa\u0161\u012bn\u0101m un ku\u0123iem, k\u0101 ar\u012b kompresorus. V\u0113l\u0101k uz\u0146\u0113mums s\u0101ka koksnes katlu izstr\u0101di un ra\u017eo\u0161anu, kas darbojas p\u0113c degvielas gazifik\u0101cijas principa.<\/span><\/p>\n

ATMOS gazifik\u0101cijas katlu priek\u0161roc\u012bba ir t\u0101, ka katl\u0101 ir piln\u012bb\u0101 keramikas kr\u0101sns (kr\u0101sns telpa ir izkl\u0101ta ar keramiku), kur\u0101 degviela tiek lieliski sadedzin\u0101ta ar minim\u0101lu izme\u0161u daudzumu atmosf\u0113r\u0101. Darvas un kondens\u0101ta veido\u0161an\u0101s ir ierobe\u017eota l\u012bdz minimumam. Maz\u0101k kondens\u0101ta noz\u012bm\u0113 ilg\u0101ku katla kalpo\u0161anas laiku.<\/span><\/p>\n

ATMOS apkures katls nodro\u0161ina iepriek\u0161\u0113ju degvielas \u017e\u0101v\u0113\u0161anu ar sekojo\u0161u gazifik\u0101ciju paaugstin\u0101t\u0101 temperat\u016br\u0101. Malkas katla priek\u0161roc\u012bba ir t\u0101, ka s\u0101kotn\u0113ji uzkars\u0113tais gaiss tiek pieg\u0101d\u0101ts tie\u0161i uz sprauslas un t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di vienlaikus nedeg liels daudzums degvielas, nav jaudas sv\u0101rst\u012bbu un g\u0101zes no\u0146em\u0161anas no visas slodzes. Vienveid\u012bga augsti sasild\u012bta prim\u0101r\u0101 gaisa padeve no ab\u0101m pus\u0113m nodro\u0161ina tikai nepiecie\u0161am\u0101 degvielas daudzuma gazifik\u0101ciju. Katls ir \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi ekonomisks, tam ir mazs pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 un augsta sadeg\u0161anas efektivit\u0101te – 85 – 89% no kop\u0113j\u0101s jaudas. \u0160\u012b uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161anas proced\u016bra atvieglo \u0161\u0137eldas un koksnes atkritumu p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161anu g\u0101z\u0113. Ar\u012b sekund\u0101rais gaiss, kas tiek pieg\u0101d\u0101ts gazifik\u0101cijas sprauslai, ir \u013coti karsts. Aizmugur\u0113jais skurstenis tiek izmantots k\u0101 siltummainis. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di liesma netiek atdzes\u0113ta un notiek maksim\u0101li iesp\u0113jam\u0101 sadegu\u0161o vielu sadeg\u0161ana. Kr\u0101sns apak\u0161\u0113j\u0101 telpa ir izkl\u0101ta ar keramiku (sf\u0113risk\u0101 telpa), taj\u0101 izdeg liesma un visas sadedzin\u0101t\u0101s ogles tiek sadedzin\u0101tas. Rezult\u0101t\u0101 rodas pelni, kurus var izmantot k\u0101 lielisku lauksaimniec\u012bbas m\u0113slojumu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"apkuresV\u0113l viena priek\u0161roc\u012bba ir d\u016bmg\u0101zu izpl\u016bdes ventilators. Gaiss katl\u0101 netiek ies\u016bkn\u0113ts, bet glu\u017ei pret\u0113ji, sadeg\u0161anas produkti tiek izs\u016bkti. \u0160\u012b dizaina priek\u0161roc\u012bba ir \u0101tri k\u016bsto\u0161a un praktiski nav d\u016bmu izme\u0161u. Telp\u0101, kur\u0101 atrodas katls, tiek samazin\u0101ts putek\u013cu saturs.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u0101 aizsardz\u012bbu pret p\u0101rkar\u0161anu katl\u0101 ievieto dzes\u0113\u0161anas siltummaini, kur\u0101 p\u0101rkar\u0161anas draudu gad\u012bjum\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161s dro\u0161\u012bbas v\u0101rsts ielai\u017e \u016bdeni no \u016bdens padeves. \u016adens, kas uz\u0146em lieko siltumu, non\u0101k kanaliz\u0101cij\u0101. Jauns dizains, jauns tehniskais risin\u0101jums un taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 sapr\u0101t\u012bga cena katlu ierindo pirmaj\u0101 viet\u0101 ne tikai \u010cehijas, bet ar\u012b Eiropas tirg\u016b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010cehijas uz\u0146\u0113mums Atmos ir viens no liel\u0101kajiem Eiropas apkures iek\u0101rtu ra\u017eot\u0101jiem. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca sara\u017eot\u0101s produkcijas, aptuveni 80%, tiek eksport\u0113ta uz ES un Krievijas Feder\u0101ciju.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ilgi dego\u0161i katli Atmos darbojas ar koksni, akme\u0146ogl\u0113m, granul\u0101m, k\u0101 ar\u012b var b\u016bt kombin\u0113ta tipa un sild\u012bt telpu ar diviem da\u017e\u0101diem degvielas veidiem.<\/span><\/p>\n

Katlu mode\u013cu kl\u0101sts Atmos<\/span><\/p>\n

Visus uz\u0146\u0113muma ra\u017eotos apkures iek\u0101rtu veidus var nosac\u012bti iedal\u012bt piec\u0101s galvenaj\u0101s grup\u0101s atkar\u012bb\u0101 no izmantot\u0101s degvielas veida:<\/span><\/p>\n

Koksnes dedzin\u0101\u0161ana – izmantojot koksni, katlu darb\u012bbas princips ir balst\u012bts uz g\u0101zes ra\u017eo\u0161anas procesa izmanto\u0161anu malku dedzin\u0101\u0161an\u0101. Lai to izdar\u012btu, gaiss sadeg\u0161anas kamer\u0101 tiek uzkars\u0113ts l\u012bdz iesp\u0113jami augst\u0101kajai temperat\u016brai. Ja sk\u0101beklis ir ierobe\u017eots, izdal\u0101s liels daudzums CO.<\/span><\/p>\n

Apkures katlu veidi<\/h3>\n

Atmos g\u0101zes apkures katliem Atmos ir divas keramikas sadeg\u0161anas kameras. Liel\u0101 pelnu atvilktne \u013cauj veikt apkopi un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anu reizi ned\u0113\u013c\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 apkures katl\u0101 Atmos uz koksnes ir autom\u0101tiskas gaisa padeves kontroles sist\u0113ma un spont\u0101nas liesmas dz\u0113\u0161anas nov\u0113r\u0161ana.<\/span><\/p>\n

Iek\u0101rtas jauda atkar\u012bb\u0101 no mode\u013ca sv\u0101rst\u0101s no 14 l\u012bdz 100 kW. Malkas apkures katli ir ide\u0101ls risin\u0101jums dz\u012bvojamo un r\u016bpniecisko \u0113ku apsild\u012b\u0161anai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Malkas – ogles Atmos apkures katli<\/a> var vienlaikus izmantot divu veidu cieto kurin\u0101mo gan kop\u0101, gan atsevi\u0161\u0137i. Vi\u0146iem ir divas sadeg\u0161anas kameras. Aug\u0161pus\u0113 tiek ievietotas kokogles un iekur\u0161anai paredz\u0113tas koksnes. G\u0101zes tiek sadedzin\u0101tas apak\u0161\u0113j\u0101 kamer\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

Malkas katl\u0101 ir rot\u0113jo\u0161a reste, kas \u013cauj viegli atdal\u012bt pelnus. Lai palielin\u0101tu autonom\u0101s darb\u012bbas laiku, projekt\u0113jot Atmos pirol\u012bzes apkures katlus, uz koka un ogl\u0113m tiek uzst\u0101d\u012bta pla\u0161a kurtuve. <\/span>Autom\u0101tiskais izpl\u016bdes ventilators nodro\u0161ina, ka, novietojot malku un sildot, nav d\u016bmu. Izmantojot pilnu malku, katls var darboties l\u012bdz 12 stund\u0101m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Granulas – nodro\u0161ina autonomu katla darb\u012bbu 7-14 dienas. Standart\u0101 ir uzst\u0101d\u012bta granulu tvertne ar tilpumu 250-500 litri. Lab\u0101s vai kreis\u0101s puses savienojums ir at\u013cauts.<\/span><\/p>\n

Atmos ilgsto\u0161i dego\u0161ie granulu apkures katli<\/a> izmanto skr\u016bves skr\u016bvju padevi l\u012bdz deglim. Degviela tiek autom\u0101tiski aizdedzin\u0101ta, izmantojot kv\u0113ldiegu. P\u0113c nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s temperat\u016bras sasil\u0161anas, izmantojot sensorus uz granulu deg\u013ca, tiek izv\u0113l\u0113ts optim\u0101lais deg\u0161anas re\u017e\u012bms.<\/span><\/p>\n

Apkalpo\u0161ana tiek veikta ne bie\u017e\u0101k k\u0101 reizi 7-14 dien\u0101s. \u010cehu autom\u0101tiskos apkures katlus Atmos uz granul\u0101m var izmantot nelielu telpu un m\u0101ju apsild\u012b\u0161anai l\u012bdz 400 m\u00b2 plat\u012bb\u0101.<\/span><\/p>\n

Akme\u0146ogles – korpuss ir izgatavots no karstumiztur\u012bga t\u0113rauda, \u200b\u200bkura biezums ir 3-6 mm, kas \u013cauj iztur\u0113t augstu temperat\u016bru urb\u0161anas vai melno og\u013cu sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas laik\u0101. Ir at\u013cauts izmantot koksnes atkritumus un mazus ba\u013c\u0137us, kuru garums nep\u0101rsniedz 33 cm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Atmospirol\u012bzes ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 apkures katli ar ilgsto\u0161u deg\u0161anu ar ogl\u0113m ir apr\u012bkoti ar p\u016bt\u0113ju un izpl\u016bdes ventilatoru. Tiek nodro\u0161in\u0101ta prim\u0101r\u0101 un sekund\u0101r\u0101 gaisa padeve. T\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 pirol\u012bzes og\u013cu apkures katls Atmos var att\u012bst\u012bt jaudu l\u012bdz 26 kW.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kombin\u0113ts – nep\u0101rprotama kombin\u0113to vair\u0101ku degvielu katlu priek\u0161roc\u012bba: koksne, granulas, g\u0101ze un \u0161\u0137idr\u0101 degviela, ir sp\u0113ja sild\u012bt katru no uzskait\u012btajiem degvielas veidiem bez ilgsto\u0161as \u200b\u200batk\u0101rtotas iek\u0101rtas.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0101reja no ogles uz \u0161\u0137idro degvielu tiek veikta 10-15 min\u016b\u0161u laik\u0101, un tai nav nepiecie\u0161amas \u012bpa\u0161as tehnisk\u0101s iema\u0146as. Sadeg\u0161anas kamera ar g\u0101zes degli no ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas kameras ir atdal\u012bta ar \u016bdens sl\u0101ni, lai mazin\u0101tu ietekmi viens uz otru. \u0160is dizains \u013cauj sasniegt maksim\u0101lu efektivit\u0101ti neatkar\u012bgi no izmantot\u0101s degvielas veida. <\/span>Deg\u0161anas laiks uz vienu slodzi ir atkar\u012bgs no izmantot\u0101s degvielas veida un apr\u012bkojuma veida. Ar maksim\u0101lu veiktsp\u0113ju iek\u0101rta var darboties vismaz 12 stundas.<\/span><\/p>\n

Apkures katli – uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana un darb\u012bba<\/span><\/h2>\n

TT katlu Atmos uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana tiek veikta saska\u0146\u0101 ar noteikumiem, kas attiecas uz vis\u0101m ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 vien\u012bb\u0101m. Dro\u0161\u012bbas sist\u0113mu uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana ir oblig\u0101ta: spiediena samazin\u0101\u0161anas un p\u0101rkar\u0161anas sensori, pretv\u0101rsts un izple\u0161an\u0101s tvertne.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pirmo aizdedzi veic, kad kr\u0101sns ir piepild\u012bta ar degvielu l\u012bdz \u2154, neiesl\u0113dzot g\u0101zes ra\u017eo\u0161anas re\u017e\u012bmu. P\u0113c tam oper\u0101cija tiek veikta bez ierobe\u017eojumiem. Siksnas tiek veiktas saska\u0146\u0101 ar ra\u017eot\u0101ja sniegto sh\u0113mu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Katlu uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana ar Atmos katliem ir at\u013cauta, savienojot vair\u0101kas vien\u012bbas vien\u0101 darba t\u012bkl\u0101. Tas \u013cauj palielin\u0101t produktivit\u0101ti l\u012bdz 1000 kW. Pirmk\u0101rt, ir nepiecie\u0161ams apr\u0113\u0137in\u0101t nepiecie\u0161amo jaudu un sast\u0101d\u012bt projektu, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 \u0113kas siltuma zudumus un kop\u0113jo apsild\u0101mo plat\u012bbu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Izv\u0113loties iek\u0101rtas jaudu, tiek \u0146emts v\u0113r\u0101 izmantot\u0101s degvielas veids un t\u0101s sadedzin\u0101\u0161anas laik\u0101 izdal\u012bt\u0101s siltumener\u0123ijas koeficients.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Apkures katli Atmos darbojas p\u0113c degvielas gazifik\u0101cijas principa un tiem ir vair\u0101kas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas. Atmos \u0161obr\u012bd ir viens no liel\u0101kajiem ciet\u0101 kurin\u0101m\u0101 katlu ra\u017eot\u0101jiem Eirop\u0101.\u00a0 \u010cehijas…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":732,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nApkures katli Atmos (Malkas, granulu un citi) - LKA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Apkures katli Atmos darbojas p\u0113c degvielas gazifik\u0101cijas principa un tiem ir daudzas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas. 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